Geochemical Processes Controlling Migration of Tank Wastes in Hanford’s Vadose Zone
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چکیده
985 The Hanford Site in south-central Washington State produced plutonium for the USDOE weapons program from 1943 to 1989. Plutonium (Pu) production involved the fi ssion of uranium fuels using nine nuclear reactors along the Columbia River, followed by the extraction and concentration of trace product Pu through chemically intensive processing regimes performed in the central portion of the site. Three primary processing schemes were used during the lifetime of Hanford (bismuth phosphate [1944–1956], redox [1952–1967], and plutonium and uranium recovery by extraction [PUREX; 1956–1972, 1983–1989]), as improvements were sought to reduce waste volumes, allow U separation for reuse, and enhance Pu recovery effi ciency. Large volumes of radioactive waste were generated by processing, and the waste chemistry and composition varied markedly between the three processing schemes. The most concentrated and radioactive of these wastes were sent to 177 underground waste storage tanks. The fi rst of these were single-shell tanks. The 149 large, single-shell, steel/concrete underground storage tanks ranged in volume from 209,000 L (55,000 gal) to >3.8 million L (1.0 million gal) (See Fig. 1, the S-SX tank farm under construction) with a total storage volume of 357 Geochemical Processes Controlling Migration of Tank Wastes in Hanford’s Vadose Zone
منابع مشابه
Fate and Transport of Radionuclides Beneath the Hanford Tank Farms: Unraveling Coupled Geochemical and Hydrological Processes in the Vadose Zone
Although the accelerated transport of Tc, Cs, and U within the vadose zone beneath the 200-West Area of the Hanford tank-farm area has been recognized, the mechanisms responsible for the vertical migration of the radionuclides is unclear. Does horizontal stratification enchance the lateral movement of contaminants, which in turn enhances vertical perferential flow due to perched water dynamics?...
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s and Presentations: Jardine, P.M. 1999. Fate and Transport of Radionuclides Beneath the Hanford Tank-Farms: Unraveling Coupled Geochemical and Hydrological Processes in the Vadose Zone. Workshop on Hanford Tank Farm Needs, Environmental Management Science Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. October, 1999, Richland, WA. Jardine, P.M., S.C. Brooks, S.E. Fendorf, C.C. Ainsworth, and B...
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The overall goal of the Tank Farm Vadose Zone Project, led by CH2M HILL Hanford Group, Inc., is to define risks from past and future single-shell tank farm activities at Hanford. To meet this goal, CH2M HILL Hanford Group, Inc. tasked scientists from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to perform detailed analyses on vadose zone sediments collected within/adjacent to the twelve single-...
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In developing the Field Investigation Report for the Waste Management Area S-SX at the Hanford Site, Cs was the only gamma emitting radionuclide of concern (Knepp 2002). However, in WMA B-BX-BY, the spectral gamma logging data identify seven gamma emitting radionuclides, Cs, Sb, Eu, Eu, Co, U, and U (DOE-GJPO 1998). The geochemical behaviors of several of these radionuclides, Sb and the two eur...
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تاریخ انتشار 2007